Alsace is the fifth-smallest of the 27 regions of France in land area (8,280 km²), and the smallest in metropolitan France. It is also the seventh-most densely populated region in France and third most densely populated region in metropolitan France, with ca. 220 inhabitants per km² . Historically and in identity one of the most vital parts of Lorraine (duchy), Alsace is located on France’s eastern border and on the west bank of the upper Rhine adjacent to Germany and Switzerland.