Interior design is a broad term that encompasses various yet related projects that convert an interior space into an “effective setting” for the range of human activities to take place there. Interior designers are people who conduct such projects. The profession also includes developing a design concept, managing expectations and creating a final product with complexity in conceptualizing, negotiating stakeholder needs and requirements, and implementing the design. Interior design is a multifaceted profession that includes conceptual development, space planning (layout) and management, documentation of pre-existing conditions, selecting and specifying materials/products for construction or renovation, coordination of contractors and consultants, preparation of contracts and cost estimates, construction administration during building completion and post-occupancy evaluations. Many aspiring designers go to school for around two years to acquire the necessary foundations in art history, room layout techniques like basic architectural drawing, and 3D modeling programs such as AutoCAD or SketchUp. Interior Designers use tools like computer software Visio and AutoCAD.
Historically, the choice of interior design was an instinctive part of the construction.
Then, the interior design developed as a consequence of society’s complexity and architectural development. The separate and distinct profession of interior design has contributed to the development of functional, efficient usage of space in recent times. In countries such as the United States and Great Britain, it’s generally not yet considered a profession because it is not very regulated.
In ancient Indian culture, architects served as interior designers. This can be seen from the references of Vishwakarma the architect – one of the gods in Indian mythology. In other examples by these architects during 17th-century Indian homes, sculptures depicting ancient texts and events are visible inside, while during medieval times wall art paintings were common features found in mansions large enough to double as a royal palace known as havelis.
In ancient Egypt, soul homes were placed in tombs to offer food. These foods reveal details about the interior design of residences at different times and with different purposes.
Interior design is a multifaceted profession that includes conceptual development, liaising with the stakeholders of a project and the management and execution of the design.
Throughout the 17th, 18th, and early 19th centuries interior decoration was primarily left to householders or craftsmen who would advise on style; architects employed artisans who completed designs for their buildings.
Interior design education became more widespread in America from the 1920s, with institutions offering diplomas in interior decoration; for example Parsons School of Design in New York City, which was founded in 1892 and remains active today. Interior design education has now become widely offered around the world, though still, an estimated one-third of practicing interior designers are self-taught.
